Ravana was the king of Lanka. In Indian folklore he abducted Sita the
wife of Lord Rama and took her to Lanka (Ceylon). Rama then mounted an
invasion army that crossed to Sri Lanka. In an epic battle Ravana was
defeated and killed and the Lord Rama brought Sita back. This is all
related in the Ramayana. He is reported to have ruled during the period
2554-2517 BC. Ravana was supposed to have 10 heads, but Lankans feel
that this represented the 10 kingdoms that he ruled. Ravana is very much
a historical figure and historians generally credit him as the ruler of
Lanka with his headquarters at Polonnaruwa which is located in North
Central Sri Lanka.
There has been a revival of sorts in Lanka and it is pointed out that Ravana had made great advances and also invented the pushpaka vimana
or the airplane. In addition he is held in high regard as a physician. 7
medical books are credited to Ravana which were originally written in
Sinhala and later translated to Sanskrit. Ravana's medical books are
NadiPariksha, Arka Prakashata, Uddisa Chiktsaya, Oddiya Chikitsa, Kumara Tantraya and Vatina Prakaranaya.
Hindu
texts of that period also credit Ravana as a man who ruled the 3 worlds
and was a follower of Shiva, the creator and destroyer. He is reported
to have been administered the juice of immortality by Shiva. He had also
mastered the Vedas and all the religious books of the Hindus.
Hindu
texts also agree that Ravana was a virile king, who was fond of women,
his favorite wife being Mandodri. Indian texts in particular the
Ramayana mention that Ravana abducted the lovely Sita from the Jungles
of central India and took her to Lanka.
Why did Ravana abduct
Sita? The Ramayana mentions he did this as an act of revenge for his
sister Supernlakha, whose nose had been chopped off by the brother of
Rama, Laxman. When Ravana took Sita to Lanka he kept her with him in a
separate palace in Central Lanka. He visited her everyday and lavished
gifts and presents on Sita. The Ramayana mentions that during this
entire period of captivity of Sita, she remained chaste. This does not
gel with the actual facts as a beautiful woman in the custody of a
powerful king cannot be left untouched.
Hindu texts do not discuss
the relationship of Ravana and Sita in any detail. He did lavish gifts
on her but the core issue is untouched. As Rama was the 9th avatar of
Vishnu perhaps in deference to Rrama this issue is left untouched. But
now people in the 21st century can draw their own conjectures.
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